International relations is a complex discipline that analyses the interactions between states, international organizations, and other global actors, exploring the factors that influence cooperation and conflict on the world stage. Grounded in various schools of thought – such as liberalism, realism, constructivism, as well as Marxist and feminist theories – the discipline offers multiple perspectives on how states and other entities construct their foreign policies. A central aspect is the analysis of state power and state security, essential elements in understanding the balance of power and motivations behind international actions. The study focuses on various levels of analysis, from the individual and the state to the international system. Conflictual relations, cooperation, and instruments such as economic sanctions are investigated to illustrate the ways in which states achieve their goals and manage external threats. In this context, international relations becomes a dynamic field, reflecting the complexity of modern global interdependence.